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Analysis of selected physiological parameters of athletes during exercise
Ambrožová, Monika ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
Regular sport activity is considered as neccessary part of our lifes. Sport is reccomended for preventing various diseases, enhancing immunity system or for controlling weight and for enhancing conditions. However, how severaly is sport activity benefit for human health and when it becomes harmful for it? This work deals with possible negative effects of strenous excercise on human organism. In our case it is ultra-maraton and mountbiking. In following parts of this work it is tried to explaine metabolic changes and influance of strenous excercise on immunological and biochemical parametres. The parameters immunoglobulin A, M, leukocytes, creatinine, sodium and potassium ions and enzymes such as lactatedehydrogenase, creatinekinase and alanineaminotransferase were studied. The values of these parameters were obtained from the blood samples taken before and after the race. A 23 samples from a 24-hour cycling race and 24 run-of-the-run race samples per 100 km were examined. A matlab tool was created for statistical analysis of data. A huge increase in the number of leukocytes was found in both types of races. In the MTB, it is an increase from 5.75 ± 1.29 x 109 / l to 11.80 ± 3.08 x 109 / l, in the race from 4.99 ± 1.84 x 109 / l to 13, 20 ± 5.36 x 109 / l. IgA did not significantly decrease, on the contrary slightly increased. IgM values have not changed significantly in runners. Cyclists experienced a statistically significant reduction in the original amount of 60.23 ± 6.54 mg / dl to 52.60 ± 10.43 mg / dl. There were statistically significant changes in CK and LDH levels in the race. From the original CK values of 4.25 ± 2.74 kat / l, the activity of the enzyme increased by 50.09 ± 60.08 kat / l due to the race. LDH is not significantly different in the cycling race as well as in the ALT enzyme. In this case, there was no statistically significant change to either type of race. Concentration of potassium and sodium ions decreased significantly. In potassium, its concentration dropped from 5.61 ± 0.59 mmol / l to 4.57 ± 0.39 mmol / l. Sodium ions dropped from 138.22 ± 1.17 mmol / l to 137.00 ± 1, 75 mmol / l.
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Investigation of the effect of creatine in combination with magnesium and vitamin C on the performance of the individual person
Vlasák, Jan ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
Creatine is nitrogen-containing organic acid which naturally occurs in the human body. The aim of this work was to determine the optimal dose of creatine in combination with vitamin C and magnesium for male respondents aged 18-26 years. They were divided into two groups differing in the creatine dosage. Group 1 took smaller dose of creatine (3 g per day) and group 2 higher dose of creatine (10 g per day). Both groups took both magnesium and vitamin C at constant doses throughout the study. The effects of significantly different dose of creatine in the individual groups were compared with each other in terms of the performance of individuals in the powerlifting, the anthropological changes and the overal metabolism of the intakes. In all disciplines of powerlifting, group 1 recorded higher average weight gains, which were not found to be statistically significant at a significance level of alpha 0,05. Anthropological changes were measured using the InBody 160 and a diagnostic measuring tape. In both cases, group 1 recorded better results than group 2, but these results were not statistically significant at a significance level of alpha 0,05. The total metabolism of the accepted dietary supplements was investigated through analytical methods. The urine of each respondent was regularly collected and subsequently analyzed during the research. Determination of creatinine, a creatine waste product, was performed by UV-VIS spectrophotometry using the Jaffe reaction. Vitamin C was analyzed by RP-HPLC. Magnesium was determined by the ICP-OES method. After creatine suplemantion of 3 per day, group 1 showed a slight increase in creatinine in the urine, but still in the physiological range. At the significance level alpha 0,05 there was no statistically significant difference. Group 2 showed an increase above the physiological limit which was already a statistically significant difference. Overall, creatine supplementation of 3 g per day has been found as a sufficient intake of creatine needed to build up muscle mass, increase energy metabolism and overall physical performance. The metabolization itself works very well and within the physiological values.
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Stanovení kreatininu v moči s využitím vysokoúčinné kapalinové chromatografie
VANČUROVÁ, Anežka
The bachelor thesis deals with an analytical method development for the determination of creatinine in urine using the high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The theoretical part contains information about properties of creatinine, general principles of liquid chromatography, summarizes existing and validated methods used for the determination of creatinine in a biological sample. The experimental part describes the process of the optimization of chromatography for the creatinine separation when different types of columns are used. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to development and validate a rapid method for the quantification of creatinine in a urine sample.
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Nursing care for a woman with pre-eclampsia, perinatological results in relation to creatinine levels in maternal blood
Šmejkalová, Tereza ; Koucký, Michal (advisor) ; Čábela, Radek (referee)
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious multi-organ disease complicating pregnancy. It occurs in 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide and approximately 50,000 women die from its consequences each year. This bachelor's thesis summarizes the theoretical knowledge of PE, - specifically the etiopathogenesis, classification and symptoms of the disease, treatment management, likely complications and other aspects that are important in nursing care. The practical part of the thesis deals with the use of serum creatinine (S-creatinine) levels to determine the severity of the patient's condition and the likely consequences for the foetus. The main objective of the thesis was to find a correlation between maternal S-creatinine levels prior to delivery and perinatal outcomes. The sub-objective was to monitor serum urea (S-urea) levels in relation to the length of pregnancy. Our hypothesis was that as the mother's antepartum S-creatinine level increases, the length of gestation shortens, newborn birth weight decreases, postpartum adaptation worsens, and the length of maternal hospitalization increases. To perform the research, we retrospectively collected data from pregnant women with a PE diagnosis who gave birth at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and of...
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Determination of creatinine using pulsed amperometry
Giampaglia, Dominika ; Dejmková, Hana (advisor) ; Schwarzová, Karolina (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the determination of creatinine using a combination of flow injection analysis (FIA) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with pulse amperometry, an electrochemical technique based on the application of potential pulses on a gold working electrode. The determination was performed in a basic environment of borate buffer with creatinine concentration of 1∙10-4 mol∙l-1 . The lenght of the cleaning and activation pulse was optimized as well as the pH of the running buffer. A cleaning pulse of +1.8 V was first applied to the electrode for 100 ms, then an activation potential of -0.5 V was applied for 150 ms and then a measuring potential of +0.2 V for 300 ms. The optimal pH was selected as pH=9,4. Methanol and acetonitrile were added to the borate buffer to test whether creatinine could be determined in presence of these organic solvents and whether flow injection analysis could be transformed into HPLC. Methanol in the system caused peak deformation, acetonitrile did not cause the peak deformation in the system, at higher contents the baseline was destabilized. Furthermore, the calibration dependence in the range of concentrations from 2.5∙10-4 mol∙l-1 to 5∙10-6 mol ∙ l-1 was measured using PAD in combination with FIA. At higher concentrations, peaks splitted....
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Determination of selected components in human urine with electrophoresis in short capillary.
Makrlíková, Anna
Capillary zone electrophoresis is frequently used in various analyses. In this diploma thesis a hydrodynamic sample introduction method controlled by pressure pulse has been proposed for short-capillary electrophoresis. The base electrolyte flushes sample from the loop of a six-way sampling valve and is carried to the injection end of the capillary. At the time when the sample zone reached the capillary, a short pressure impulse is generated in the electrolyte stream, which provides injection of the sample into the capillary. Then the electrolyte flow is stopped and the separation voltage is turned on. The amount of sample introduced to the capillary is controlled by the duration of the pressure pulse. This new sample introduction method was tested in the determination of ammonia, histidine, creatinine, uric acid and hippuric acid in human urine and for rapid screening of the contents of the inorganic ions in cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma. The determination was performed in a capillary with an overall length of 10,5 cm and two base electrolytes was tested - 50 mM MES + 5 mM NaOH (pH 5,10) and 1 M acetic acid + 1,5 mM crown ether 18-crown-6 (pH 2,40). Using dual detection techniques contactless conductivity and UV spectrometric detection, anorganic and organic substances in the sample could...
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Determination of selected components in human urine with electrophoresis in short capillary.
Makrlíková, Anna
Capillary zone electrophoresis is frequently used in various analyses. In this diploma thesis a hydrodynamic sample introduction method controlled by pressure pulse has been proposed for short-capillary electrophoresis. The base electrolyte flushes sample from the loop of a six-way sampling valve and is carried to the injection end of the capillary. At the time when the sample zone reached the capillary, a short pressure impulse is generated in the electrolyte stream, which provides injection of the sample into the capillary. Then the electrolyte flow is stopped and the separation voltage is turned on. The amount of sample introduced to the capillary is controlled by the duration of the pressure pulse. This new sample introduction method was tested in the determination of ammonia, histidine, creatinine, uric acid and hippuric acid in human urine and for rapid screening of the contents of the inorganic ions in cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma. The determination was performed in a capillary with an overall length of 10,5 cm and two base electrolytes was tested - 50 mM MES + 5 mM NaOH (pH 5,10) and 1 M acetic acid + 1,5 mM crown ether 18-crown-6 (pH 2,40). Using dual detection techniques contactless conductivity and UV spectrometric detection, anorganic and organic substances in the sample could...
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Determination of selected components in human urine with electrophoresis in short capillary.
Makrlíková, Anna ; Opekar, František (advisor) ; Jelínek, Ivan (referee)
Capillary zone electrophoresis is frequently used in various analyses. In this diploma thesis a hydrodynamic sample introduction method controlled by pressure pulse has been proposed for short-capillary electrophoresis. The base electrolyte flushes sample from the loop of a six-way sampling valve and is carried to the injection end of the capillary. At the time when the sample zone reached the capillary, a short pressure impulse is generated in the electrolyte stream, which provides injection of the sample into the capillary. Then the electrolyte flow is stopped and the separation voltage is turned on. The amount of sample introduced to the capillary is controlled by the duration of the pressure pulse. This new sample introduction method was tested in the determination of ammonia, histidine, creatinine, uric acid and hippuric acid in human urine and for rapid screening of the contents of the inorganic ions in cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma. The determination was performed in a capillary with an overall length of 10,5 cm and two base electrolytes was tested - 50 mM MES + 5 mM NaOH (pH 5,10) and 1 M acetic acid + 1,5 mM crown ether 18-crown-6 (pH 2,40). Using dual detection techniques contactless conductivity and UV spectrometric detection, anorganic and organic substances in the sample could...
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Analysis of selected physiological parameters of athletes during exercise
Ambrožová, Monika ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
Regular sport activity is considered as neccessary part of our lifes. Sport is reccomended for preventing various diseases, enhancing immunity system or for controlling weight and for enhancing conditions. However, how severaly is sport activity benefit for human health and when it becomes harmful for it? This work deals with possible negative effects of strenous excercise on human organism. In our case it is ultra-maraton and mountbiking. In following parts of this work it is tried to explaine metabolic changes and influance of strenous excercise on immunological and biochemical parametres. The parameters immunoglobulin A, M, leukocytes, creatinine, sodium and potassium ions and enzymes such as lactatedehydrogenase, creatinekinase and alanineaminotransferase were studied. The values of these parameters were obtained from the blood samples taken before and after the race. A 23 samples from a 24-hour cycling race and 24 run-of-the-run race samples per 100 km were examined. A matlab tool was created for statistical analysis of data. A huge increase in the number of leukocytes was found in both types of races. In the MTB, it is an increase from 5.75 ± 1.29 x 109 / l to 11.80 ± 3.08 x 109 / l, in the race from 4.99 ± 1.84 x 109 / l to 13, 20 ± 5.36 x 109 / l. IgA did not significantly decrease, on the contrary slightly increased. IgM values have not changed significantly in runners. Cyclists experienced a statistically significant reduction in the original amount of 60.23 ± 6.54 mg / dl to 52.60 ± 10.43 mg / dl. There were statistically significant changes in CK and LDH levels in the race. From the original CK values of 4.25 ± 2.74 kat / l, the activity of the enzyme increased by 50.09 ± 60.08 kat / l due to the race. LDH is not significantly different in the cycling race as well as in the ALT enzyme. In this case, there was no statistically significant change to either type of race. Concentration of potassium and sodium ions decreased significantly. In potassium, its concentration dropped from 5.61 ± 0.59 mmol / l to 4.57 ± 0.39 mmol / l. Sodium ions dropped from 138.22 ± 1.17 mmol / l to 137.00 ± 1, 75 mmol / l.
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